The Hidden Cost of Farmer–Herder Conflict on Nigeria’s Food System

Over 90% of Nigeria’s food is produced by smallholder farmers. When these farmers are displaced, intimidated, or cut off from markets, food security collapses regardless of how many fertiliser programmes or mechanisation schemes exist on paper. Since 2019, more than 2.2 million Nigerians have been displaced by farmer–herder violence, banditry,...